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Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an inflammatory process characterized by atherosclerosis in coronary arteries and it is a major cause of death and disability in developed countries. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) has been consistently associated with CAD risk factors and predictive of CVD outcomes; additionally, it is consistently higher among type 2 diabetics than nondiabetics. However, the relationships of circulating Lp-PLA2 activity with incident CAD among patients with metabolic syndrome (MetSynd) have not been examined sufficiently. Objective: The aim is to determine contribution of Lp-PLA2 to coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetSynd). Subjects and methods: This is a cohort prospective study based on 412 patients male and female were eligible and aged 25-75 years old patients and gave consent to participate in study. The study included socio-demographics, clinical biochemistry and the presence of co-morbid diseases. The data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate analyses. Results: There was a significant difference between MetSynd Positive and normal subjects with respect to age groups, gender, BMI, smoking, nargile use, thyroid, COPD, CAD, hypertension, diabetic and stroke. Also, there was a significant difference between MetSynd versus normal subjects with respect to BMI, Waist Circumference, hemoglobin, HbA1c, vitamin B12, fasting blood glucose, vitamin D, calcium, creatinine, triglyceride, uric acid, ferritin, systolic BP (mm Hg) and diastolic BP (mm Hg), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) (p=0.001); Lp-PLA2 activity, (p=0.001); HOMA-IR index,(p=0.004), insulin (p=0.001); C-reactive protein (p=0.004);White blood cell (WBC) (p=0.008); Platelet p= 0.018) Mean Plate Volume (p= 0.032); red cell distribution width (p=0.001); and vitamin D levels (p=0.018), respectively. The multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated that Lp-PLA2 (p<0.001), BMI (kg/m2) (p<0.001), systolic BP (p<0.001), MetSynd (p=0.002), CK-MB (p=0.019), Calcium) (p= 0.023), Triglyceride (p= 0.029), Total-cholesterol (p= 0.046) were considered as risk predictors of the CAD patients after adjusting for age and gender. Conclusion: Lp-LPA2 contributes to CAD in the presence of MetSynd, as well as Lp-PLA2 could be utilized as a useful predictor in cases of CAD with MetSynd
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Objective:To observe the predictive value of serum LP-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide for patients with diabetes (GDM) patients during pregnancy.Methods:From Jan.2018 to Jan. 2022, 400 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group) and 400 healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations (control group) were enrolled. The serum prenatal lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) , pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) , C-peptide and neonatal blood glucose levels were compared between the two groups. The correlation of serum Lp-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide with neonatal hypoglycemia in GDM patients was analyzed, and the value of area under receiver operating curve (ROC) for predicting neonatal hypoglycemia was analyzed.Results:The serum levels of Lp-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide in the GDM group were higher than those in the control group (33.57±6.52 nmol/min/ml vs 23.45±4.38 nmol/min/ml, 26.72±4.79 ng/ml vs 23.57±3.08 ng/ml, 27.32±3.97 ng/mL vs 25.15±0.71 ng/mL) ( P<0.05) . The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in the GDM group was higher than that in the control group (16.0% vs 4.5%) ( P<0.05) .The serum levels of Lp-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide in GDM patients with neonatal hypoglycemia were higher than those in neonatal normoglycemic patients (35.82±6.42 nmol/min/ml vs 32.29±6.03 nmol/min/ml, 27.72±4.21 ng/ml vs 25.35±3.98 ng/ml, 32.39±4.78 ng/mL vs 22.18±3.94 ng/mL) ( P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that high levels of serum Lp-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide in the GDM group were independent risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia. Serum Lp-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide of GDM patients had certain predictive value for the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia, among which C-peptide had the greatest predictive value. Conclusion:High levels of serum Lp-PLA2, PAPP-A and C-peptide are independent risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in GDM patients, and have certain predictive value, which can provide a reference for clinical prediction of its occurrence.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Yiqi Shengjiang Decoction for chronic heart failure (CHF) and its effects on BNP and LP-PLA2. Methods Totally 100 cases of patients with CHF were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received basic treatment, and the treatment group was treated with modified Yiqi Shengjiang Decoction on the basis of control group, one dosage per day, twice a day, orally, for 4 weeks. The curative effect of heart function grading and curative effect of TCM symptoms of the two groups, the changes of plasma BNP and LP-PLA2 levels were observed. Safety indicators were monitored. Results The total effective rate of cardiac function classification was 88％ (44/50) in the treatment group and 68％ (34/50) in the control group, with the treatment group much better than the control group (P<0.05); the total effective rate of TCM symptom efficacy was 90％ (45/50) in the treatment group and 74％ (37/50) in the control group, with the treatment group much better than the control group (P<0.05). The BNP and LP-PLA2 levels in the treatment group were lower than the control group after treatment, with statistical significance (P<0.05). No adverse reactions were observed in both groups, with no abnormalities in blood, urine, liver and kidney function. Conclusion Modified Yiqi Shengjiang Decoction combined with Western medicine has obvious advantages in the treatment of CHF in improving patients' heart function, and reducing plasma BNP and LP-PLA2 levels.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation of serum hs-CRP,D-dimmer and Lp-PLA2 with vulnerable plaque of coronary artery atherosclerosis in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Selected 106 cases of patients in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015,all taken coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound.Divided into three groups according to the results of the examination,the levels of serum hs-CRP,D-dimmer and Lp-PLA2 were examined and compared,and the correlation with fiber cap thickness,plaque eccentricity index,and vascular remodeling index were tested by Pearson correlation analysis.Results:Serum levels of hs-CRP,D-dimmer and Lp-PLA2 of vulnerable plaque group and stable plaque group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05),and the serum levels of hs-CRP,D-dimmer and Lp-PLA2 of vulnerable plaque group were significantly higher than that of stable plaque group (P＜0.05);hs-CRP was negative correlated with the thickness of fibrous cap (r=-0.712,P＜0.05),and positive correlated with eccentric plaque index and vascular remodeling index (r=0.813,0.756;D-,P＜0.05),D-dimmer was negative correlated with the thickness of fibrous cap (r=-0.654,P＜0.05),and positive correlated with eccentric plaque index and vascular remodeling index (r=0.912,0.853,P＜0.05);Lp-PLA2 was negative correlated with the thickness of fibrous cap (r=-0.796,P＜0.05),and positive correlated with eccentric plaque index and vascular remodeling index (r=0.836,0.729,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Hs-CRP,D-dimmer and Lp-PLA2 have high correlation with vulnerable plaque in coronary artery disease,can be used as reference indexes for assessing the instability of coronary atherosclerotic plaque.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of atorvastatin combined with lopidogrel in patients with transient ischemic attack.Methods Totally 92 cases of patients with transient ischemic attack in Xingyuan Hospital of Yulin City from January 2013 to August 2015 were divided into observation group and control group,46 cases in each group.Patients in observation group were treated with atorvastatin combined with lopidogrel,and patients in control group were treated with lopidogrel.The differences in short term effect,long-term effect,and adverse reaction between two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05);After treatment,the levels of hs-CPR,Lp-PLA2TC,TG,and LDL,the recurrence rate of transient ischemic attack and the incidence of cerebral infarction of the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group and before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),but the differences in PLT,PT,and APTT between two groups before and after treatment were not significant.Conclusion The clinical effect of atorvastatin combined with lopidogrel in patients with transient ischemic attack were remarkable,and the incidence of adverse events do not increase.
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Objective: To compare oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels in serum and vascular wall of Sprague-Dawley rats, identify their patterns in 8 weeks and 16 weeks of dyslipidemia induced by high fat diet, compare foam cells in aorta of each group and investigate lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) role in atherosclerosis by darapladib administration. Methods: This study generated in twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups, which were received normal diet (normal group), high fat diet and high fat diet plus darapladib therapy for both 8 weeks and 16 weeks. Surgeries were performed at Week 8 and Week 16 to take the blood serum and aortic tissue. Level of oxLDL in serum, oxLDL aortic tissue, foam cell amount in aortic tissue, and Lp-PLA2 expression in aortic tissue were measured. Results: There were significant differences in oxLDL level in serum, aortic tissue and foam cell amount (P0.9, P<0.05). This study also composed an equation for oxLDL level in aortic tissue prediction. Factorial ANOVA found that there was a significant difference of oxLDL level in the interactions between duration and location, location and treatment, and also duration, location and treat-ment (P<0.01). Administration of darapladib was able to reduce levels of oxLDL in serum, aortic tissue and foam cell significantly (P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.01, subsequently). Conclusions: OxLDL level is location-dependent and duration-dependent. As a feasible early diagnosis, we can predict oxLDL level in aortic tissue by its level in serum. Though Lp-PLA2 expression was unsignificant, Lp-PLA2 inhibition by darapladib can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in atherogenesis.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of the combined detection of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD)genetic polymorphism and lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)in the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods 92 cases of coronary heart disease patients and 78 cases of healthy control group were selected.The activ-ity of Lp-PLA2,the activity of Mn-SOD and genotype of Mn-SOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphism were detected in the ser-um of each group via the use of colorimetry,continuous monitoring technique and gene-sequencing method respectively and then the correlation of serum Mn-SOD,Lp-PLA2 and Mn-SOD genetic polymorphism with CHD were analyzed.Results The Lp-PLA2 activity in serum of CHD groups with Mn-SOD 9 VV genotype was statistically significantly higher than that of patients with the AV+AA genotype (P<0.01).The serum Mn-SOD activity in patients with VV genotype was signifi-cantly lower than that of those with AV+AA genotype (P<0.01).Conclusion Combined detection of Mn-SOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphism and Lp-PLA2 activityin the serum can provide an important foundation for the diagnosis and predic-tion of coronary heart disease.
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Objective To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E(ApoE)gene polymorphism and serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipid(Lp-PLA2)level in patients with AD and sleep disorders. Methods Sixty-two AD patients and 26 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.The polymorphisms of ApoE gene and lev-els of serum Lp-PLA2,IL-6 and other serological indexes were determined,respectively.The mini-mental state ex-amination(MMSE)and Pittsburgh sleep index scale(PSQI)were used to evaluate the cognition and sleep status of AD patients and healthy controls. Results(1)ApoE ε3/4 and ε2/4 genotype were significantly higher in AD patients with sleep disorders(AD-1 group)compared with the healthy controls(P<0 05),and ApoEε3/4 genotype was significantly higher in patients in AD-1 group compared with AD patients without sleep disorder(AD-2 group) (P < 0 05).(2)The ApoEε4 allele frequency in patients in AD-1 group was significantly higher than that in pa-tients in the control group(P<0 05).(3)Levels of serum Lp-PLA2 and IL-6 were significantly higher in AD pa-tients with the ApoEε4 allele compared with AD patients without the ApoEε4 allele(P < 0 05). Conclusion ApoE gene polymorphism has a certain relationship with levels of serum Lp-PLA2 and IL-6 in patients with AD and sleep disturbance,and it′s speculated that the effect of ApoE gene polymorphism on sleep disorder may be associat-ed with inflammatory reaction.
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Objeetive To investigate the clinical significance of combined detection of lipoprotein associated serum phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLa2),homocysteine (Hcy) and cystatin C (CysC) in the diagnosis of hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (HDCP).Methods From January 2013 to May 2016 in Changan Hospital,selected 113 cases of pregnancy induced hypertension patients as the observation group,and were divided into three group A,B and C (group A:55 cases of HDCP patients,group B:32 cases of mild preeclampsia and group C for patients with severe preeclampsia 26 cases).At the same period,selected 50 cases of normal college pregnancy as control group,serum Lp-PLa2 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay),Hcy (cyclophorase method) and CysC (particle enhanced turbidimetric method),the test results were analyzed and compared.Results Serum Lp-PLa2,Hcy and CysC test results in the control group,the observation group A,observation group B and observation group C increased significantly,in the observation group C increased most obviously.Compared with the control group,the serum levels of Lp-PLa2,Hcy and CysC in the observation group were significantly higher,the difference was statistically significant (F=8.102,7.231 and 6.926,all P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between serum Lp-PLa2,Hcy and CysC and blood pressure (r=0.71,0.69,0.63,all P＜0.05).The abnormal rate of serum Lp-PLa2,Hcy and CysC for three joint detection was higher than that of single detection,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =6.725,P＜0.001).The abnormal rate of serum Lp-PLa2,Hcy and Cys single test results increased with the exacerbation of HDCP,and the difference was statistically significant (x2=9.351,P＜0.000).Conclusion Serum Lp-PLa2,Hey,CysC and pregnancy would be closely related to the occurrence and development of hypertension syndrome,so combined detection of HDCP can improve the detection rate of abnormal results,and it has important clinical significance for early diagnosis and prognosis of HDCP.
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Objective To observe the intervention effect of salvianolic acid A ( SAA) on retinopathy of Zucker diabetic fatty ( ZDF ) rats and explore the possible action mechanism of SAA to prevent and treat diabetic retinopathy ( DR) . Methods Thirty-two 7-8-week old ZDF rats were taken and fed with Purina rat chow for 4 weeks. The ZDF rats were equally divided by the blood glucose into model group, 0. 5 mg/kg SAA group, 1. 0 mg/kg SAA group and metformin ( Met) group. 8 Zucker lean ( ZL) rats were taken as control group. After 12-week administration, incidence of cataracts and retinal pathology was observed, and levels of GLU, TC and HbA1c in blood, transferrin ( TRF) and retinol binding protein ( RBP) in urine and levels of interleukin-1 ( IL-1 ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , oxidized low density lipoprotein ( ox-LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipoprotein related phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity in serum were measured. Results In the model group, GLU, TC, HbA1c , diabetic cataract incidence rate, retinal basement thickening and microangiopathy appeared in most of the rats. The levels of TRF and RBP in urine and levels of IL-1, IL-6, ox-LDL, MDA in serum were significantly increased, and Lp-PLA2 activity was also significantly increased. After SAA administration, the morbidity rate of cataract was reduced, and retinal pathological changes were improved in different degrees. The levels of TRF, RBP, IL-1, IL-6, ox-LDL, MDA and Lp-PLA2 activity was decreased. Conclusions SAA can slow down the process of diabetic retinopathy in ZDF rats and reduce the incidence of cataract. The mechanisms of action may be related to inhibition of chronic inflammation, prevention of lipid peroxidation and reduction of Lp-PLA2 activity.
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Objective To observe the intervention effect of salvianolic acid A ( SAA) on retinopathy of Zucker diabetic fatty ( ZDF ) rats and explore the possible action mechanism of SAA to prevent and treat diabetic retinopathy ( DR) . Methods Thirty-two 7-8-week old ZDF rats were taken and fed with Purina rat chow for 4 weeks. The ZDF rats were equally divided by the blood glucose into model group, 0. 5 mg/kg SAA group, 1. 0 mg/kg SAA group and metformin ( Met) group. 8 Zucker lean ( ZL) rats were taken as control group. After 12-week administration, incidence of cataracts and retinal pathology was observed, and levels of GLU, TC and HbA1c in blood, transferrin ( TRF) and retinol binding protein ( RBP) in urine and levels of interleukin-1 ( IL-1 ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , oxidized low density lipoprotein ( ox-LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipoprotein related phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity in serum were measured. Results In the model group, GLU, TC, HbA1c , diabetic cataract incidence rate, retinal basement thickening and microangiopathy appeared in most of the rats. The levels of TRF and RBP in urine and levels of IL-1, IL-6, ox-LDL, MDA in serum were significantly increased, and Lp-PLA2 activity was also significantly increased. After SAA administration, the morbidity rate of cataract was reduced, and retinal pathological changes were improved in different degrees. The levels of TRF, RBP, IL-1, IL-6, ox-LDL, MDA and Lp-PLA2 activity was decreased. Conclusions SAA can slow down the process of diabetic retinopathy in ZDF rats and reduce the incidence of cataract. The mechanisms of action may be related to inhibition of chronic inflammation, prevention of lipid peroxidation and reduction of Lp-PLA2 activity.
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Objective To study the relationship between the lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) with the carotid plaques cerebral infarction,and study the predictive value of LP-PLA2 in carotid artery plaque stability.Methods According to the results of color doppler ultrasound examination of carotid artery,169 patients with cerebral infarction were random divided into cerebral infarction with carotid plaques group (101 patients) and cerebral infarction without carotid plaques group(68 patients) groups.According to the nature of plaque stability of carotid plaques.101 cases of cerebral infarction with carotid plaques group was divided into plaques group 30 cases and 71 cases of unstable plaque group.Set healthy control groups at the same time.Then detected level of LP-PLA2 for each patient by the method of double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA).To evaluate the predictive value of LP-PLA2 in carotid artery plaque stability by mapping the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results The level of LP-PLA2 (212.90± 117.69 ng/ml) in carotid plaques group were significantly higher than those without plaque group (127.70 ± 57.96 ng/ml,t=3.016,P ＜0.01).It was not show significantly difference between no plaque group and healthy control group (108.34 ± 42.58 ng/ml,t=0.779,P＞0.05).But it showed significantly different between the unstable plaque group (236.24 ± 128.33 ng/ml)and stability plaques group (157.65±59.27 ng/ml,t=3.442,P＜0.01).Conclusion The LP-PLA2 of plasma could be involved in the development of atherosclerosis plaques.The LP-PLA2 can certain correlation with cerebral infarction of carotid plaques,can well evaluate the stability of carotid plaques.
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Objective To explore the correlation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types of hypertension with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2),so as to provide a TCM therapy for early prevention and treatment of hypertension and its complications in clinic.Methods We collected a total of 170 cases of hypertension patients,55 with kidney-essence insufficiency syndrome,50 with ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang syndrome,and 65 with phlegm-damp retention in middle energizer syndrome.IMT was measured by the carotid Doppler ultrasound,and plasma Lp-PLA2 expression was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.And then the differences of IMT and Lp-PLA2 expression among the three groups were compared and analyzed.Results There were significant differences of carotid artery IMT and Lp-PLA2 among the three groups(P＜ 0.01),and the number of patients with carotid atherosclerosis and the expression level of Lp-PLA2 in the group of phlegm-damp retention in middle energizer syndrome were higher than those intheothertwogroups(P＜0.01).Conclusion Differentiation treatment based on phlegm may be more conducive to the prevention and treatment of hypertension and its complications.
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Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin intensive therapy on cardiac function and lipoprotein phospho‐lipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2) in patients with hypertension complicated with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction .Methods Totally 78 patients with hypertension complicated with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction from June 2014 to April 2016 in our hospital patients ,according to the random number table method divided into observation group (atorvastatin therapy ) and control group (routine treatment) .The changes of blood pressure ,blood lipid ,Lp‐PLA2 ,cardiac function of two groups were compared before and after treatment .Results Before treatment ,there was no significant difference in blood pressure and blood lipid between the two groups (P>0 .05) .After treatment ,the two groups of patients with SBP ,DBP ,LDL‐C significantly decreased , HDL‐C significantly increased ,and compared with the control group ,the SBP ,HDL‐C ,LDL‐C in the observation group were signif‐icantly different (P0 .05) . After treatment ,the two groups of patients with Lp‐PLA2 were significantly reduced ,and the observation group was significantly greater (P0 .05) .Af‐ter treatment ,the observation group of patients with LVESD ,LVEDD significantly decreased ,LVEF ,CO ,CI significantly in‐creased ,compared with the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Atorvastatin intensive therapy can significantly reduce high blood pressure acute ST segment elevated blood pressure and Lp‐PLA2 levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction and improve cardiac function ,worthy of promotion .
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Objective:To analyze the relationship of lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA2) and severity of coronary atherosclerosis, and evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin at different doses on the concentration of plasma Lp -PLA2.Methods: Totally 152 cases of patients with suspected coronary heart disease were treated with coronary angiography .According to the results of angiogra-phy, the patients were divided into the coronary heart disease group ( n=117 ) and the normal control group ( without coronary heart disease,n=35).Gensini integral scale was performed and referring to the number of diseased coronary arteries , the degree of coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated .The concentration of serum Lp-PLA2 was detected and the relationship of Lp-PLA2 and the severity of coronary plaque was evaluated .Meanwhile , the patients with coronary heart disease were divided into 2 groups and orally treated with rosuvastatin respectively at the routine dose (10 mg· d-1 ) and the loading dose (20 mg· d-1 ).The changes of the plasma concentra-tion of Lp-PLA2 before the treatment, in the 2nd, 4th,8th and 12th week after the medication were measured and the effect of atorvastatin at different doses on the plasma concentration of Lp-PLA2 was summarized .Results: The plasma Lp-PLA level in the control group was (22.22 ±1.75) μmol· ml-1, while that in the coronary heart disease group was (29.03 ±3.99) μmol· ml-1(P0.05).Conclusion:Lp-PLA2 is correlated with the severity of coronary plaque .High dose of rosuvastatin can reduce plasma Lp-PLA2 concentration in the patients .
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BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein (Apo) B-48 is an intestinally derived lipoprotein that is expected to be a marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a vascular-specific inflammatory marker and important risk predictor of CVD. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of pitavastatin treatment and life style modification (LSM) on ApoB-48 and Lp-PLA2 levels in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients at relatively low risk for CVD, as a sub-analysis of a previous multi-center prospective study. METHODS: We enrolled 75 patients with MS from the PROPIT study and randomized them into two treatment groups: 2 mg pitavastatin daily+intensive LSM or intensive LSM only. We measured the change of lipid profiles, ApoB-48 and Lp-PLA2 for 48 weeks. RESULTS: Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and ApoB-100/A1 ratio were significantly improved in the pitavastatin+LSM group compared to the LSM only group (P≤0.001). Pitavastatin+LSM did not change the level of ApoB-48 in subjects overall, but the level of ApoB-48 was significantly lower in the higher mean baseline value group of ApoB-48. The change in Lp-PLA2 was not significant after intervention in either group after treatment with pitavastatin for 1 year. CONCLUSION: Pitavastatin treatment and LSM significantly improved lipid profiles, ApoB-100/A1 ratio, and reduced ApoB-48 levels in the higher mean baseline value group of ApoB-48, but did not significantly alter the Lp-PLA2 levels.
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Humans , 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase , Apolipoprotein B-48 , Apolipoproteins , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cholesterol , Cholesterol, LDL , Life Style , Lipoproteins , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
With advancement in instrumentation, computation and understanding of disease etiology, proteomics has been expanded to harness the knowledge of change in protein folding and misfolding, protein-protein interaction, protein modification, etc. during progression of disease which is a source of discovery for various biomarkers including predictive biomarkers. Various methodologies for disease prediction are reported using ‘omics’ technology; however, advancement in proteomics with discovery of protein biomarker allows for the estimation of disease risk from years to decades before any disease even manifests internally. Specific proteins as disease biomarkers that appear in the body fluid/diseased tissues are generally measured. Recently, new proteomics technologies are also being developed in order to facilitate both the highthroughput and high-sensitivity requirements of diseaserelated applications of proteomics and possibly providing the framework for prediction of diseases. Therefore, there is a growing interest in proteomics technologies to discover processes that are involved in various diseases, to discover new biomarkers that correlates with the prediction and early detection of diseases. Now there is change in research thinking where already known biomarkers alone or in combination of others are under investigation for advanced application like in prediction and early detection of chronic diseases. In this review, we have emphasized the prediction perspective of some of the protein biomarkers like CA-125, Lp-PLA2 and tau protein for diseases like cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and Alzheimer’s respectively.
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Objective To investigate the assessment value of serum Lp-PLA2 ,hs-CRP and D-D dimer on the severity of cor-onary artery lesion .Methods A total of 136 patients with coronary heart disease acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group 46 ca-ses ,stable angina pectoris (SAP) group 38 cases and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group 52 cases from the inpatient of cardiolo-gy department in our hospital were selected as observation group ,and 135 healthy subjects were selected as control group ,serum Lp-PLA2 was detected by enzyme kinetic method ,Serum hs-CRP and plasma D-D dimer were detected by immune turbidimetric method ,of the severity of coronary artery lesion was evaluated by the Gensini integrations .Results Serum Lp-PLA2 ,hs-CRP ,D-D dimer level and Gensini score of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group ,above indexes of AMI group were higher than those of SAP group and UAP group ,UAP group were significantly higher than SAP group ,with statistical significance between the two groups(P<0 .05) .Serum Lp-PLA2 ,hs-CRP ,D-D dimer level and Gensini score of patients with heart functional class Ⅱwere significantly lower than those of Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients ,above indexes of patients with heart functional class Ⅲwere significantly lower than Ⅳ patients ,the difference between two groups was significant(P<0 .05) .Compared with severity of coronary artery lesion ,serum Lp-PLA2 hs-CRP and D-D dimer levels of mild coronary artery lesions were significantly lower than those of moderate and high coronary artery lesions ,and moderate coronary artery lesions was obviously lower than high coronary artery lesions (P<0 .05) ,Pearson correlation analysis also found that ,Lp-PLA2 ,hs-CRP ,D-D dimer levels had positive correlation with Gensini score (r=0 .642 ,0 .651 ,0 .608 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion The assessment of serum Lp-PLA2 ,hs-CRP and D-D dimer level in the severity of coronary artery lesion has important significance .
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Lp-PLA2 is widely concerned in recent years as a vascular inflammation factor that plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis .The level of plasma Lp-PLA2 is related to the stability of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque .it is an independent predictor of coronary heart disease risk . Its specific inhibitor Darapladib also becomes a hotspot of clinical cardiovascular pharmaceutical research . However,two randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, international, multicenter, event-driven trials, STABILITY and SOLID-TIMI 52, have shown that Darapladib could not significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a member of phospholipases superfamily which can hydrolyze oxidative phospholipid in low density lipoprotein (LDL), and produce two proinflammatory mediators including lysophosphatidylcholine (IvsoPC) and oxidized free fatty acid. Thus, Lp-PLA2 is believed to mediate the inflammatory processes that lead to atherogenesis. Recent studies indicated that Lp-PLA2 acts as a new marker in the inflammatory process and is an independent predictor of the cardiovascular diseases. Many Lp-PLA2-targeted inhibitors have been designed to deal with the key enzyme involving in atherosclerosis. Darapladib is the specific inhibitor which is closest to the market among the rest and is drawn wide attention as an emerging therapy for atherosclerosis, and the clinical phase III trials have been completed. Numerous experiments have confirmed that Darapladib could decrease the activity of Lp-PLA2, reduce inflammatory reaction and disrupt the development of atherosclerosis. In this paper, the authors summarized the mechanism of Lp-PLA2 and Darapladib in atherosclerosis, and the recent advances on the pharmacodynamics of Darapladib in recent years.